Acute radiation disease: contribution of Ukrainian scientists (notice two)
RE Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Scientific schools of Rostislav Evgenievich Kavetsky and Vladimir Grigorovich Nikolaev
Abstract
The purpose. To consider the contribution of scientists from the Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology named after R.E. Kavetsky onto the doctrine of the biological effect of ionizing radiation, the study of the pathogenesis of acute radiation diseases caused by external and internal radiation, the features of the clinical course of the disease in experimental animals with these types of radiation. To highlight the issues of treatment of acute radiation sickness, in particular, the use methods of extracorporeal detoxification.
Materials and methods. It was used historical, bibliosemantic methods in order to fully disclose the issues of the formation and development of radiation medicine, in particular, topical issues of acute radiation disease.
Results. The main investigations of scientists at the Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology named after R.E. Kavetsky National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine are analyzed. These researches concerned the studies of the biological effect of radioactive isotopes in both indicator and lethal doses, comparative studies of the effect of external and internal radiation, the features of the clinical course of acute radiation sickness and morphological differences with these types of radiation.The genesis of the formation of modern concepts regarding the treatment of endogenous intoxication in acute radiation disease has been investigated.
Conclusions. The idea was expressed that the famous Ukrainian scientist R.E. Kavetsky was not only the founder of the scientific school of experimental oncologists, but also the founder of the scientific school of medical radiology. It has been shown that small doses of ionizing radiation cause early reactions of the organism in experimental animals, in particular of the hematopoietic system, which do not differ in any way from the changes caused by large doses of radiation. A comparative study of the effects of external and internal irradiation revealed the features of the clinical course and morphological differences in acute radiation disease Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology named after R.E. Kavetsky, in particular, the team of the Department of Physicochemical Mechanisms of Sorption Detoxification, in cooperation with other scientific institutions of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR, has become a leader in the search for new highly effective methods of sorption therapy for acute radiation disease the effectiveness of which has been proven in the treatment of victims of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant.
References
Kavetsky, R.E., Aizenstein, A.A..(1931). Influence of X-rays on respiration and glycolysis of normal and malignant tissues. Proceedings of the 1st All-Union Congress of Oncologists. Kharkov. (July 8-12, 1931 K., 1936. 185-192). [In Russian].
Sidorik, E.P. (1999). From the first stages of the use of atomic energy for peaceful purposes to the Chernobyl disaster. K., 5-8. [In Russian].
Stolyarova-Pinchuk, L. B. (1959). Early changes in peripheral blood after intravenous administration of beta and gamma emitters. Proceedings of the II Congress of Oncologists and the III Congress of Radiologists and Radiologists of the Ukrainian SSR June 18-24. 223-225. [In Russian].
Kavetskiy, R.E., Stolyarova, L.B., & Amdurska, N.M. (1960). Influence of small (indicator) doses of radioactive isotopes on the morphological and biochemical composition of blood. In the book: Medical Radiology. Proceedings of the All-Union Conference on the Application of Radioactive and Stable Isotopes and Radiation in the National Economy and Science (April 4-12, 1957, 360-366). [In Russian].
Kavetsky, R.E., Umansky, Yu.A., & Nikitenko, R.D. (1960). On some reactions of the body to the introduction of small doses of radioactive isotopes. Scientific materials of conference on biophysics and the mechanism of action of ionizing radiation. K., 71-72. [In Russian].
Academician Vadim Grigorovich Pinchuk. Memories of colleagues, relatives, friends, students. (2005). K., 70-71. [In Russian].
Pinchuk, V.G. (1956). Early morphological changes in the bones of rats after a single injection of radioactive strontium. Proceedings of the II Congress of Oncologists and the III Congress of Radiologists and Radiologists of the Ukrainian SSR (June 18-24, K., 195-196). [In Russian].
Pinchuk, V.G. (1960). Features of the course and pathomorphology of radiation sickness caused by incorporated radiostrontium (Sr89) in combination with an activated infection. Materials of a scientific conference on biophysics and the mechanism of action of ionizing radiation (June 21-24, 1960 K., 141-142). [In Russian].
Pinchuk, V.G. (1963). Long-term results of a single exposure to the body of a toxic dose of radioactive phosphorus (P32). IV Congress of Radiologists and Radiologists of the Ukrainian SSR. Kiev-Kharkov (289-290). [In Russian].
Pinchuk, V.G., Goldschmid, B.Ya., Nikitchenko, V.V. et al. (1989). Morphological and ultrastructural changes in the liver and lungs of rats under conditions of constant exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation of various quality during long-term observation. I All-Union Radiobiological. Congress. (Pushchino, 21-27 Aug 1989. 845). [In Russian].
Kavetsky, R.Y., Nikolaev, V.G., & Petrenko, S.V. (1977). About new possibilities of application of carbon hemosorbents. Reports AN URSR. Seriya B. No. 8, 725-728. [In Russian].
Pinchuk, V.G. (ed.). (1988). Rostislav Evgenievich Kavetsky. Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR. K. [In Russian].
Editorial office. 80th Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine V.V. Strelok. (2017). Bulletin of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. No. 9. 103. [In Ukrainian].
Ternovoy, K.S. (1982). Some theoretical and practical results of hemosorption studies in Ukraine. In the book: Sorption methods of detoxification and immunocorrection in medicine. Abstracts of the First All-Union Conference on June 28-30, 1982, Kharkov. (166-168). [In Russian].
Sabodash, E. (1913). Rebellion of the spirit and the constancy of the search. https://health-ua.com/article/18660-myatezhnost-duha-i-postoyanstvo-poiska ... [In Russian].
70th corresponding member of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine V.G. Nikolaeva. (2013). Bulletin of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. No. 3, 109-110. [In Ukrainian].
Pinchuk, L.B., Yaralova, P.V. (1975). On the pathogenesis of acute radiation sickness. Experimental and Clinical Radiology. Issue 11.K., 9-12. [In Russian].
Pinchuk, L.B., Umansky, M.A., & Nikolaev, V.G. (1977). Elimination of the toxic factor in acute leukemia as one of the possible ways of influencing the kinetics of the stem cell. The role of stem cells in leukemia and carcinogenesis. (Abstracts of the symposium. K., 86-88). [In Russian].
Ritter, N.K., Pinchuk, L.B., Bratus, G.G. (1982). The influence of early intensive detoxification therapy on the state of bone marrow hematopoiesis in acute radiation injury in experiment. Rehabilitation and compensatory processes in radiation injury. (Abstracts of the VIII All-Union Scientific Conference November. 214-215). [In Russian].
Ternovoy, K.S., Pinchuk, L.B., Nikolaev, V.G. et al. (1983). Hemosorption in the treatment of acute radiation sickness. Kyiv. [In Russian].
Copyright (c) 2021 UJMM
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
ISSN 
ISSN 
