Specifics of the clinical course of iron deficiency anemia among women aged 40-55 years
Abstract
Introduction. Iron deficiency (ID) is a serious problem in women aged 40-55 years. During this period there are variations in hormonal levels, menstrual irregularities with the risk of severe blood loss. In addition, women in this age group often lead unhealthy lifestyles, followed by the development of disorders that lead to changes in physical and mental states.
The purpose: to determine the causes of iron deficiency anemia in women who were under observation in the hematology clinic of the National Military Medical Clinical Center «Main Military Clinical Hospital» of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine and identify risk factors for anemia and its correction.
Materials and methods. The article presents data from European studies on the high risk of developing iron deficiency / iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in women aged 40-55 years. The analysis of examination and treatment of 109 women who were under observation in the hematology clinic of the National Military Medical Clinical Center «GVKG» (Kyiv) from 2015 to 2019.
Results. Modern European scientific research on the risk of developing ІD / IDA in women aged 40-55 years is summarized. An analysis of the causes of IDA in women based on the results of examination and treatment of women who were under observation in the hematology clinic of the National Military Medical Clinical Center «GVKG» (Kyiv) from 2015 to 2019. The most common causes of ID / IDA are: heavy menstrual blood loss, inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract, reduced consumption of meat products, anticoagulants, dietary disorders for weight loss, which is generally 75% of the possible causes.
Conclusions. According to European studies, there is a high risk of developing ID / IDA in women aged 40-55 years, while the clinical manifestations of IDA in women aged 40-55 years is a public health problem, as it leads not only to reduced efficiency but also to reduced quality of women life. The results of the studies indicate a multifactorial structure of the causes of IDA in women aged 40-55 years, the main of which are abundant menstrual blood loss (21.1%), inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract (19.26%), reduced use of meat products (13.76%), anticoagulants (10.1%). It is shown that determining the risk factors for the development of anemia and the correction of these negative manifestations with the help of iron supplements is an urgent task for the doctor.
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